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Project Management Methodology, Project Management Process, Project Management Methodologies

 

Hypertension or High Blood Pressure

  
Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure are a cardiac chronic medical state, which means that under this condition, heart has to work harder than it should have to thrust the blood around the body.

Systolic and diastolic are two measurements of blood pressure. Systolic: the force in the arteries when your heart is contracting and diastolic: is the pressure in your arteries between heart beats.120/80? Mm/Hg is usual blood pressure (where 120 is systolic and 80 is diastolic). And anything above 140/90 mm/Hg is identified as high blood pressure.

Hypertension is the opposite of hypotension. There are two classifications of Hypertension primary hypertension or secondary hypertension. Many of the cases are categorized as “primary or essential hypertension” which means high blood pressure without any medical cause. Few are the cases of “secondary hypertension” caused by some other conditions that affect kidneys, arteries and heart. Sub-classifications of Hypertension are hypertension stage, I, hypertension stage II, and isolated systolic hypertension.

Symptoms of an increase in blood pressure are headache, drowsiness, confusion, vision disorders, nausea, and vomiting. These symptoms are collectively called hypertensive encephalopathy. Persistent hypertension may cause kidney failure, heart failure and stroke.
Essential hypertension has no direct cause, but it has many factors such as sedentary lifestyle, smoking, stress, potassium deficiency, obesity, alcohol intake, and vitamin D deficiency that increase the risk of developing hypertension. With age, blood pressure tends to rise.

Secondary hypertension results from an identifiable cause. Hypertension is caused by conditions that cause hormone changes, such as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and certain tumors of the adrenal medulla. Common causes of secondary hypertension include kidney disease, obesity/metabolic disorder, pre-eclampsia during pregnancy, the congenital defect known as coarctation of the aorta, and certain prescription and illegal drugs.

Lifestyle changes can control blood pressure. Treatment of hypertension includes dietary changes, physical exercise and weight loss. Drug treatment is also used when dietary and lifestyle changes are not effective.